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PublicationsPublications

Association Between Ethnicity and Treatment Preferences in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome

30/04/2025

CONCLUSION: This study highlights the impact of ethnicity on patients' treatment goals. Understanding patients' preferences will enable tailoring an individual approach to each IBS patient.

Oxytocin Improves Autistic Behaviors by Positively Shifting GABA Reversal Potential via NKCC1 in Early-Postnatal-Stage

30/04/2025

Accumulating evidence has identified disrupted oxytocin signaling in both autistic patients and animal models of autism. Nevertheless, the specific timing of the impact of oxytocin on social behavior has remained unclear. Using mouse strains from oxytocin-Cre mice crossed with Cre-dependent chemogenetic mice, oxytocinergic neuronal activity is selectivity manipulated during the early or late postnatal stages and revealed, for the first time, that the suppression of oxytocinergic neurons in the...

Phase 3 Trial of Semaglutide in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis

30/04/2025

CONCLUSIONS: In patients with MASH and moderate or advanced liver fibrosis, once-weekly semaglutide at a dose of 2.4 mg improved liver histologic results. (Funded by Novo Nordisk; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04822181.).

Akkermansia muciniphila exacerbates acute radiation-induced intestinal injury by depleting mucin and enhancing inflammation

30/04/2025

Dysbiosis of gut microbiota plays a crucial role in acute radiation-induced intestinal injury. However, studies on the influence of gut microbiota on acute radiation-induced intestinal injury are inconsistent. In this study, we established an acute radiation-induced intestinal injury mouse model and performed fecal microbiota transplantation to explore the role of the gut microbiota in acute radiation-induced intestinal injury. We observed a significant increase in Akkermansia muciniphila...

Educational Needs in Geriatric Medicine of Healthcare Professionals and Medical Students of the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action 21122 PROmoting GeRiAtric Medicine in countries where it is still eMergING (PROGRAMMING): Mixed-Methods Survey Protocol

30/04/2025

CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the survey will inform educational projects across the PROGRAMMING countries. We will feedback these findings to national and international stakeholders including professional societies, medical schools and other relevant organizations. We will advocate for professional educational curricula to include geriatric topics rated as relevant by the survey respondents and to promote clinical rotations in geriatric settings and teaching methods rated effective by the survey...

Implementing complex nucleic acid circuits in living cells

30/04/2025

Synthetic nucleic acid-based computing has demonstrated complex computational capabilities in vitro. However, translating these circuits into living cells remains challenging because of instability and cellular interference. We introduce an allosteric strand exchange (ASE) strategy for complex intracellular computing. Leveraging conformational cooperativity to regulate strand exchange, ASE offers a modular platform for designing intracellular circuits with flexible programmability. We engineer a...

A thin cryobiopsy device compatible with transnasal endoscopy for the gastrointestinal tract

30/04/2025

Luminal organ biopsies are critical for disease diagnosis and are obtained using single-bite forceps inserted through the working channel of large endoscopes. Procedures using these endoscopes frequently require patient sedation or anesthesia and may not be feasible for use in pediatric patients. Additionally, forceps-derived biopsies can suffer from difficulty maintaining tissue orientation, crush artifacts, and lack of precise control of biopsy depth. The high cost and risks of anesthesia and...

Somatic mosaicism in the buccal mucosa reflects lifestyle and germline risk factors for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

30/04/2025

Clones harboring cancer driver mutations can expand in normal tissues, known as somatic mosaicism, and can be influenced by age and environmental and germline factors. Somatic mosaicism in the blood predicts the risk of hematological malignancies; however, the relevance of somatic mosaicism to solid tumors remains unclear, in part because of limited sample availability. Lifestyle habits, including alcohol consumption and tobacco smoking, and pathogenic germline variants increase the risk of...

Role of endoscopic ultrasound as a predictor of histological healing in ulcerative colitis

30/04/2025

CONCLUSION: The EUS-UC score has a significant correlation with histological outcomes and shows strong potential as a reliable, invasive predictor of HH in UC, with implications for improved disease monitoring.

Identification and functional analysis of five hub lncRNAs associated with oncogenesis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

30/04/2025

Liver cancer stands as one of the most pervasive and aggressive malignant neoplasms on a global scale, with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounting for over 90% of primary liver cancer cases. It has been documented that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays a significant role in various pathological contexts and serves as a pivotal determinant in numerous malignancies, including HCC. Leveraging mRNA sequencing data and lncRNA expression profiles from 346 HCC samples and 50 pairs of adjacent...

Renal Function in Sequential Living Kidney-Then-Liver Donors Undergoing Right Lobe Donation: A Two-Center Case Study

30/04/2025

CONCLUSIONS: Right lobe living liver donation in previous kidney donors might be safely performed in terms of midterm kidney function. Longer-term assessment in a larger cohort would be necessary to have better insight into this unique donor group.

Paper Alert

30/04/2025

A selection of interesting papers that were published in the month before our press date in major journals likely to report important results in gastroenterology and hepatology. Peter Hayes and John Plevris The Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh EH3 9YW, UK.

Exosomal Biomarkers: A Comprehensive Overview of Diagnostic and Prognostic Applications in Malignant and Non-Malignant Disorders

30/04/2025

Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles, ranging from 30 to 150 nm, that are essential in cell biology, mediating intercellular communication and serving as biomarkers due to their origin from cells. Exosomes as biomarkers for diagnosing various illnesses have gained significant investigation due to the high cost and invasive nature of current diagnostic procedures. Exosomes have a clear advantage in the diagnosis of diseases because they include certain signals that are indicative of the...

Matrix Metalloproteinases: Pathophysiologic Implications and Potential Therapeutic Targets in Cardiovascular Disease

30/04/2025

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases that play a crucial role in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and are implicated in the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Their dysregulation has been linked to atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure (HF), and aortic stenosis, contributing to vascular inflammation, plaque destabilization, and adverse cardiac remodeling. Recent research highlights MMPs' involvement beyond...

The Role of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Other Metabolic Diseases

30/04/2025

With its increasing prevalence, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has emerged as a major global public health concern over the past few decades. Growing evidence has proposed the microbiota-derived metabolites short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as a potential factor in the pathophysiology of MASLD and related metabolic conditions, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). By influencing key pathways involved in energy homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, and...

Successful Conversion Surgery in Advanced Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma Treated With Durvalumab Plus Gemcitabine and Cisplatin

29/04/2025

No abstract

UNISOM: Unified Somatic Calling and Machine Learning-based Classification Enhance the Discovery of CHIP

29/04/2025

Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) of indeterminate potential (CHIP), driven by somatic mutations in leukemia-associated genes, confers increased risk of hematologic malignancies, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality. In blood of healthy individuals, small CH clones can expand over time to reach 2% variant allele frequency (VAF), the current threshold for CHIP. Nevertheless, reliable detection of low-VAF CHIP mutations is challenging, often relying on deep targeted sequencing. Here, we present...

Perivascular Niche-Resident Alveolar Macrophages Promote Interstitial Pneumonitis Related to Trastuzumab Deruxtecan Treatment

29/04/2025

Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) is a transformative HER2-targeting antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) for treating breast cancer. Unfortunately, T-DXd has also been implicated in causing fatal interstitial lung disease (ILD) in multiple clinical trials. A better understanding of the mechanistic basis of these ADC-induced adverse effects could enable development of strategies to prevent or treat T-DXd-related ILD. In this study, we determined that T-DXd-induced ILD represents an off-target adverse...

Moving beyond the liver - proteomics as a molecular footprint of systemic damage in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease

29/04/2025

No abstract

AASLD Practice Statement on the evaluation and management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in children

29/04/2025

Given the high prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in children and its distinct epidemiological, clinical, and histopathological differences from adult disease, the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) commissioned this pediatric-focused evidence-based practice statement. A multidisciplinary writing group-encompassing expertise in pediatric hepatology, gastroenterology, endocrinology, and liver pathology-conducted a comprehensive...
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